Security

ABS has developed advanced simulation modelling of thermal runaway in lithium-ion battery fires, in a critical step forward in tackling one of maritime’s biggest emergent safety risks. The cutting-edge model, which has now been validated with Texas A&M University research, replicates the thermal runaway profile at the battery cell level, unlocking detailed insight into the total heat released and guiding the appropriate firefighting response. It is the latest development in ABS’ industry-pioneering work to address the significant safety challenge presented by transporting electric vehicles at sea. Safety challenges to the shipping industry "Runaway electric vehicle fires can reach temperatures of 1,200°F (650°C) or higher and present unprecedented safety challenges to the shipping industry, which connects manufactured vehicles to global markets," said Christopher J. Wiernicki, ABS Chairman and CEO. He adds, "ABS is at the forefront of the industry’s response to this, which requires a blend of advanced technology, safety excellence and shipping insight. Developing the ability to accurately predict the behaviour of these fires is a perfect example of this and will be a foundation of the ultimate solution." Additional fire protection arrangements ABS offers both an enhanced fire protection notation EFP-C(EV) in the ABS Marine Vessel Rules Uniquely, ABS offers both an enhanced fire protection notation EFP-C(EV) in the ABS Marine Vessel Rules, which provides criteria for additional fire protection arrangements in Ro-Ro cargo spaces intended to carry electric vehicles, as well as the advisory Best Practices for the Transport of Electric Vehicles Advisory, which includes additional advice. ABS is also funding advanced research with partners around the world, including at the Laboratory for Ocean Innovation, at Texas A&M University, where battery fire prevention and response is one of eight research priorities. Recent succession of devastating fires The batteries that power electric vehicles pose unique fire risks, particularly thermal runaway. Lithium-ion battery fires can be difficult to extinguish, burn at extremely high temperatures, generate flammable and toxic gases, and may reignite even after being seemingly controlled. A recent succession of devastating fires on board vessels transporting electric vehicles has highlighted the urgent need to address the issue.

Advanced technology and marine robotics company Ocean Infinity has successfully launched its innovative NeedleFish Uncrewed Surface Vessel (USV) at an official event with the Kuwaiti Coast Guard (KCG). Initiated to be a component of its new national integrated maritime surveillance system being delivered by SRT Marine Systems, the NeedleFish by Ocean Infinity is custom equipped with an array of specialist maritime surveillance sensor systems and leverages the company’s world-pioneering software, advanced robotics, and marine intelligence technology to equip the Kuwaiti Coast Guard with a new class of unmanned patrol, surveillance, mapping and surveying capability for its 11,000 km² of territorial waters, all controlled from KCG’s new purpose-built onshore Command Centres and fully integrated within their new SRT C5iSR maritime surveillance system. Line of sight marine surveillance Ocean Infinity’s technology enables the remote and autonomous operation of the largest fleet of USVs and UUVs Ocean Infinity has operated USVs for client projects since 2019. With deep operational experience from work in some of the most challenging maritime environments, Ocean Infinity’s technology enables the remote and autonomous operation of the largest fleet of USVs and Uncrewed Underwater Vehicles (UUVs) currently in active service.  This, combined with the company’s understanding of data capture and transfer at sea, has led to this ultimate platform tailored for the client’s specific need in the demanding conditions of Kuwait, delivering ultra-high-performance robotics for beyond line of sight marine surveillance with live surveillance streaming fully integrated into their new MDA System.    NeedleFish USV rollout This week, one of the KCG fleet of bespoke 14-metre, dual-hull NeedleFish USVs completed live demonstration exercises in open water in a special demonstration for His Excellency Sheikh Fahad Yousef Saud Al-Sabah, First Deputy Prime Minister and Acting Minister of Interior and Commodore Sheikh Mubarak, overall Commander of the Kuwait Coast Guard.  Oliver Plunkett, CEO of Ocean Infinity, said: “We are excited to see our NeedleFish USV rollout continue this week. This programme is another significant milestone for Ocean Infinity as we employ our deep operational experience and proven technology to support clients in new and more complex markets at a time when these capabilities are more relevant than ever.”

Avikus, HD Hyundai’s specialised Autonomous Navigation Technology subsidiary, announced that it has signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) with Emerson to integrate its NEUBOAT CONTROL Autonomous System with Emerson’s Aventics marine controllers. According to the terms of the MOU, Avikus will use Emerson’s open protocol for its Aventics marine controllers to integrate with its NEUBOAT CONTROL system to provide safety and convenience features such as collision avoidance, adaptive cruise control and auto docking. Emerson’s Aventics marine controllers Avikus will be totally compatible with Emerson’s Aventics marine controllers across all OEMs Following integration, Avikus will be completely compatible with Emerson’s Aventics marine controllers across all OEMs, dealers and customers. “Emerson’s commitment to the highest standards of reliability make their controllers perfect for integrating the Avikus NEUBOAT CONTROL system,” said Do-Hyeong Lim, CEO of Avikus. “Emerson’s engineers are the pioneers in marine controls and we applaud them for their forward-thinking embrace of autonomous technology. We’re looking forward to working with the Emerson team and bringing our award-winning solutions to their distinguished customer base.” Smart navigation and docking solutions Combining smart navigation and docking solutions, NEUBOAT delivers confidence on the water. It allows boaters to navigate with real-time object detection and collision avoidance, and dock effortlessly with a clear, comprehensive view of the surroundings. NEUBOAT ensures a safer, more seamless boating experience from start to finish.  Since 1960, Emerson has been providing marine solutions to ensure reliable, efficient and safe operation onboard any type of ship from merchant vessels to recreational boat products.

A new cybersecurity solution from Hanwha Ocean to protect critical infrastructure and operations on board floating production storage and offloading (FPSO) units received approval in principle (AIP) from ABS. Hanwha Ocean, in conjunction with SIGA Data Security, developed an Operational Technology (OT) cybersecurity solution that is specifically designed to protect critical OT systems from cyber threats, enhancing the overall cyber resilience on FPSO units. ABS completed design reviews based on class and statutory requirements. Offshore energy production OT cyber solution is an Offshore Technology Collaboration Agreement between ABS and Hanwha Ocean The OT cyber solution is part of a multi-year Offshore Technology Collaboration Agreement between ABS and Hanwha Ocean who are collaborating on a series of state-of-the-art projects leveraging each company’s core competencies under the broad themes: sustainability, digitalisation, artificial intelligence and operational technology cybersecurity. "This is an exciting achievement for both organisations. Together, under this agreement, ABS and Hanwha Ocean are using our collective resources and extensive experience to address challenges unique to offshore energy production. As connectivity improves for offshore assets, the cyber risks increase. This new OT solution promises to help operators address vulnerabilities in their critical operations systems," said Miguel Hernandez, ABS Senior Vice President, Global Offshore. Innovation and operational resilience in offshore environments "Receiving this AIP from ABS marks a significant step forward for Hanwha Ocean. It underscores our commitment to innovation and operational resilience in offshore environments. Our strategic partnership with ABS and SIGA enables us to offer validated, pioneering-edge cybersecurity solutions that provide enhanced process-level visibility, real-time threat detection, and effective remote operational oversight, all fully aligned with stringent offshore industry compliance standards and segmentation architectures," said Philippe Levy, President of Hanwha Ocean, Offshore.  Robust cybersecurity measures Philippe Levy added: "This milestone significantly strengthens Hanwha Ocean’s competitive positioning in current and upcoming FPSO bids, where robust cybersecurity measures are essential." With offshore expertise and innovation spanning more than 70 years, ABS provides expert guidance and assesses new and evolving solutions to help safely manage assets for offshore operations.

When the Ballast Water Management (BWM) Convention came into force in 2004, it was in response to a crisis we couldn’t afford to ignore—one where invasive aquatic species, carried silently in ships’ ballast tanks, were devastating marine ecosystems. Now, two decades later, compliance with this environmental safeguard is no longer optional—and yet, as recent industry findings reveal, record-keeping failures account for 58% of compliance issues. That’s not a technology problem. That’s a documentation problem —one rooted deeply in data management practices and crew training, where small oversights lead to documentation issues, that may cascade into costly compliance failures. And that’s precisely where digital systems excel, guiding crews clearly to avoid mistakes in the first place. New ballast regulations At the IMO’s 82nd Marine Environment Protection Committee (MEPC 82), new ballast water record-keeping regulations were approved, coming into effect from 1 February 2025. These updates mark a significant tightening of documentation standards—and they could catch unprepared shipowners off guard if not acted on promptly. Why ballast water record-keeping is back in the spotlight These new updates aim to change that—and they’re stricter, smarter, and more detailed than before While MEPC 82 made headlines for advancing decarbonisation policies and ECAs in the Arctic and Norwegian Sea, it also honed in on ballast water—a topic that has quietly regained importance. The committee approved critical updates to how ballast water operations and ballast water management system (BWMS) maintenance are recorded.  The goal: Enhance transparency, reduce ambiguity, and reinforce environmental protection by making records more structured, traceable, and actionable. This renewed focus is both a warning and an opportunity. In recent years, too many Port State Control detentions and inspection delays have stemmed not from hardware failures, but from poorly maintained or unclear ballast water records. These new updates aim to change that—and they’re stricter, smarter, and more detailed than before. What’s changing: Bypass scenarios and maintenance logging The revised guidelines introduce two new scenarios for vessels dealing with challenging water quality (CWQ) in ports: Scenario 3: A reactive bypass of the BWMS due to unforeseen poor water quality. Scenario 4: A pre-emptive bypass based on anticipated CWQ conditions. These additions are essential for vessels operating globally, particularly those above 400GT. They ensure that alternative operations—like ballast water exchange plus treatment (BWE + BWT)—are clearly documented. Without accurate records, even legitimate actions can fall short of compliance. Ballast Water Management Plan and OEM manuals MEPC 82 also mandates that BWMS care procedures must now be recorded directly in BWRB MEPC 82 also mandates that BWMS maintenance procedures must now be recorded directly in the Ballast Water Record Book (BWRB), in line with the ship’s Ballast Water Management Plan and Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM) manuals. Responsible crew members must sign off on these records, ensuring traceability and crew accountability. This step isn’t just regulatory housekeeping—it aligns ballast water maintenance with how other onboard systems are already tracked, from engines to emissions. It’s a logical, overdue move toward consistency across compliance. Paper or digital: The format dilemma While the BWRB can still be maintained on paper or electronically, the burden of new structured data fields and stricter reporting timelines will be felt most by those still tied to manual systems. Each additional layer of documentation increases the chance of human error—and with nearly 6 in 10 compliance failures already stemming from admin issues, that’s a risk many operators can’t afford. This is where digital solutions can offer real relief. At NAPA, we’ve already implemented the latest IMO guidelines into our electronic logbook, so crews can comply with MEPC.369(80) requirements out of the box. With ready-made entry templates and smart input validation, data entry is quick, accurate, and audit-ready. NAPA implemented the latest IMO guidelines into an electronic logbook. Better still, once updated, operators can apply for the BWM Convention Electronic Record Book Declaration from their flag—ensuring that compliance is recognised internationally under MEPC.372(80). Less admin, more assurance Electronic logbooks don’t just streamline compliance—they enable better decision-making. When connected to onboard systems, they automatically pull operational data into the BWRB, reducing manual work and error margins. This frees up the crew to focus on operations and safety, rather than paperwork. From a management perspective, real-time visibility into ballast operations and maintenance records helps shore teams stay ahead of inspections and identify potential compliance gaps early. One logbook, many regulations While ballast water is the focus today, it’s not the only regulation demanding attention While ballast water is the focus today, it’s not the only regulation demanding attention. At NAPA, we’ve designed our logbook to support a wide range of evolving compliance frameworks—including MARPOL, EU-ETS, EU-MRV, CII, and the Garbage Record Book. This unified approach removes silos, reduces duplicated effort, and gives operators a more holistic view of vessel performance and compliance. A smarter way forward With decarbonisation and environmental regulations shifting at breakneck pace, even the most experienced crews and fleet managers can struggle to stay up to date. That’s where technology has a crucial role to play—not to replace expertise, but to support it. At NAPA, we work closely with shipowners and operators to configure regulatory record book templates according to their fleet workflows and each vessel’s specific operational profile. This ensures accuracy, ease of use, and most importantly, continuous compliance—even as the rules keep changing. Because in today’s compliance landscape, staying ahead isn’t just about meeting the minimum. It’s about building systems that help you adapt, respond, and thrive. And that starts with getting the record-keeping and data management right.

Maritime communications came a long way before they could deliver the first Global Maritime Distress and Safety System (GMDSS). Still, it is fair to say that their forward march has only accelerated in the two-and-a-half decades since. Today, shipping companies rely on satellite connectivity to protect their vessels and people and enable the digitalisation, decarbonisation, and crew-welfare initiatives on which its successes rely.  Low-Earth orbit (LEO) networks Against this background, the new generation of low-Earth orbit (LEO) networks has entered the maritime market to great fanfare and expectation from ship owners, and their excitement is justified: LEO satellite coverage has the potential to span the globe, providing exceptional reliability and speed even during long voyages in the most remote locations. This facilitates real-time communication and efficient coordination between vessels and onshore personnel, ultimately supporting more profitable and sustainable fleet operations. Level of connectivity Moral obligations and regulatory requirements aside, providing high-quality crew internet LEO’s introduction into the maritime sphere has been equally well received by seafarers, who stand to benefit from a level of connectivity that keeps them better connected to family and friends than ever before, and to richer entertainment options at sea. Moral obligations and regulatory requirements aside, providing high-quality crew internet represents a wise investment from a competitive standpoint, enhancing as it does an organisation’s ability to attract and retain the brightest talent.   Another advantage to seafarers and their employers, LEO connectivity offers stable onboard access to non-leisure services including mental-health support, telemedicine, and online learning resources, helping to keep a crew happy, healthy, and up to speed with the evolving requirements of their job.   Limitations  For all the benefits of LEO networks, it is important to acknowledge their limitations. For instance, LEO’s promise of delivering worldwide coverage remains to be realised, with certain countries yet to authorise its use in their territorial waters. This means that, depending on the trading route, a ship may encounter multiple LEO-coverage blackspots during its voyage. Susceptible to interference Regardless of the network type being used, vessels still need to compress and throttle data Like many satellite technologies, LEO networks are also susceptible to interference from atmospheric conditions that can disrupt communications, while network congestion at hotspots and drop-out at satellite handover may present additional connectivity challenges. Regardless of the network type being used, vessels still need to compress and throttle data on certain occasions, such as while in port, but LEO networks currently cap utilisation and therefore limit connectivity and availability further.  Crew and commercial use In addition, maritime organisations should consider whether their LEO system is for both crew and commercial use. For a vessel deploying LEO connectivity to cover crew and business communications simultaneously, even a terabyte of data is unlikely to go far.  Divided among a crew of 25, it equates to 40 gigabytes per person, enough for 13 hours of HD streaming with nothing remaining for commercial requirements.  The solution  Maritime software including critical communications-based services will need to be compatible with LEO To ensure reliable and consistent connectivity, support enhanced GMDSS communications, and meet the bandwidth needs of all stakeholders, a vessel will require multiple satellite provisions. This means that maritime software including critical communications-based services will need to be compatible with both LEO and more traditional, low-bandwidth networks and be able to switch between connections automatically to ensure uninterrupted service.   GTMailPlus GTMaritime’s GTMailPlus, for example, is compatible with all major network types, regardless of bandwidth. Developed with optimisation in the maritime environment in mind, it provides secure and efficient data transfers irrespective of the service or combination of services a shipowner or manager uses. If disruptions do occur, GTMailPlus resumes data transmission from the point of interruption.   Risk of a cybersecurity breach There have already been several reported cases of ship owners falling victim to significant cyber incidents As crew freedoms on the Internet increase and more onboard devices are connected to the network, the risk of breaches to cybersecurity is also rising dramatically: effectively, the vessel becomes a larger attack surface. There have already been several reported cases of ship owners falling victim to significant cyber incidents having adopted LEO systems without taking the necessary security precautions.  Robust, intelligent, and scalable network Given that ships transfer diverse types of data that often involve critical and sensitive information, the consequences of any breach of vessel operations, safety, and privacy can be severe. Here too, the GTMaritime portfolio is continuously evolving to ensure robust, intelligent, and scalable network protection for owners.  AI-based next-gen anti-virus technology In addition to the enhanced security features included in all GTMaritime solutions, enables a holistic approach In the latest partnership with CrowdStrike, GTMaritime’s cyber-security offering combines AI-based next-generation anti-virus technology with end-point detection and response capabilities. This, in addition to the enhanced security features included in all GTMaritime solutions, enables a holistic approach to vessel security.  Conclusion  LEO networks undoubtedly present a considerable opportunity for the maritime industry and have the power to transform connectivity at sea. However, there are several factors to consider before adopting an LEO system and regardless of advances in technology, optimised solutions for critical communications, security, and data transfer remain essential.

Aiming to establish minimum requirements for the cyber-resilience of newbuild vessels and their connected systems, IACS unified requirements (URs) E26 and E27 provide a new benchmark for shipping’s response to its growing exposure to cyber-attacks. Officially in force from 1 July 2024 and broadly welcomed by industry, the new URs represent another step forward in strengthening Maritime's resilience to the evolving cyber threat. However, according to a thought-provoking discussion recently hosted by Edwin Lampert, Executive Editor of Riviera in partnership with Inmarsat Maritime (a Viasat company), shipping companies must still conduct comprehensive risk assessments and implement appropriate mitigation measures. Vessel’s cyber security They ensure all stakeholders are responsible for the vessel’s cyber security Kostas Grivas, Information Security Officer, Angelicoussis Group told the ‘IACS URs E26 & E27: Bridging the gap between regulation and implementation’ session that the URs bring “obvious benefits” such as eliminating “scattered requirements”. They provide “common and crystal-clear ground for auditing and control purposes”, and establish “a solid description of the minimum technical, procedural, and other criteria that govern a vessel’s cyber resilience,” he said. Finally, they ensure “all stakeholders are responsible for the vessel’s cyber security”. Makiko Tani, Deputy Manager, Cyber Security at classification society ClassNK, also acknowledged that the new requirements will “contribute to the visibility of ever-digitalising shipboard networks and their assets”, however, as there is no one-size-fits all cybersecurity solution to all, she continued, “additional controls beyond those specified in the requirements may be necessary, depending on the vessel’s connectivity”. Digital transformation strategy To properly address the cyber risks that a specific vessel is exposed to, she said, “shipowners must conduct a thorough cyber-risk assessment. This relies on a ‘C-level commitment’ to establishing a cyber-security programme that facilitates compliance with URs E26 and E27 and any other future industry requirements while supporting the organisation’s digital transformation strategy”. The importance of looking beyond the IACS URs was also emphasised by Laurie Eve, Chief of Staff, Inmarsat Maritime, who proposed three key areas where companies should “focus and invest not only to meet new requirements but also to go beyond compliance and build good cyber resilience”. Quality management system and standards The firm should focus on training and grasping, managing user rights, investing in a regime system “The first key area, ‘people and culture’, addresses the notion that people are the weakest link in cyber security. According to a 2023 report from the United States Coast Guard as well as findings from Inmarsat’s security operations centres, phishing is the most common initial access vector in cyber-attacks. Investing in people, therefore, should be an absolute no brainer”, commented Eve. Specifically, he continued, a company should focus on training and awareness, managing user privileges, investing in a quality management system and standards such as ISO 27001, assessing suppliers’ risk-management practices, and embedding cyber-security in the organisation’s continuous improvement culture. Risk-management approach The third and final key area according to Eve is an ‘incident response plan’ (IRP). The second key area is ‘network-connected systems and services’. Given the number of attack surfaces on board a vessel and the ever-growing volumes of data moving between systems, many companies lack the time and resources to address all possible weaknesses. The solution, Eve said, is a risk-management approach in which the organisation assesses the risks, sets its risk appetite, and implements security measures according to the costs it is willing and able to bear. The third and final key area according to Eve is an ‘incident response plan’ (IRP). It’s prudent to assume that at some point there will be failures and a breach, an IRP comprises a robust set of contingencies to keep the cost of business disruption to a minimum. It requires investment in backup and data systems as well as regular staff training. “Having a plan is good; training, rehearsing, and improving the plan is better,” explained Eve. Cyber-security requirements While these recommendations apply to all ship owners, Eve acknowledged that there are differences from small to large operators in terms of the budget and internal capability invested in cyber resilience. “Inmarsat’s Fleet Secure offers a ‘one-stop shop’ for cyber-security requirements which makes it a particularly good fit for “smaller operators without the in-house capability to put together their own solutions”, he said. Inmarsat’s Fleet Secure offers a ‘one-stop shop’ for cyber-security requirements Combining three powerful components – Fleet Secure Endpoint, Fleet Secure Unified Threat Management, and Fleet Secure Cyber Awareness Training – the Fleet Secure portfolio provides the tools and facilitates a risk-management approach, supporting “compliance with the new requirements” and, more broadly, “increasing cyber resilience”, Eve added.

FuelEU Maritime came into effect on Jan. 1, 2025. It is part of the European Union’s Fit for 55 package and applies to commercial vessels of 5000GT (gross tonnage) and over used for the transport of cargo or passengers and calling at EU ports. Vessels are required to achieve a greenhouse gas (GHG) intensity of energy below a particular level. That level reduces over time and by 2050 the reduction target is 80% compared to 2020 reference levels. GHG intensity of energy obligations “FuelEU is designed to reduce the energy intensity of fuel used by ships and to drive the uptake of alternative fuels,” says Helen Barden, Director – External Affairs, NorthStandard, an insurer providing Protection and Indemnity (P&I) coverage. She adds, “For vessels that do not meet the GHG intensity of energy obligations, there are options for borrowing compliance from future years, pooling the vessel with better-performing vessel(s) or paying a penalty. For container and passenger ships there are requirements to connect to shore power from 2030.” Ship’s energy intensity  FuelEU Maritime measures a ship’s energy intensity over a full reporting year on a well-to-wake basis FuelEU Maritime measures a ship’s energy intensity over a full reporting year on a well-to-wake basis. Well-to-wake therefore includes emissions from well (i.e., production) to tank (i.e., on the ship) plus tank-to-wake (i.e., it propels the ship). Assessing the energy intensity on a well-to-wake basis, rather than simply tank-to-wake, provides a better reflection of the emissions created during the lifecycle of a marine fuel.  Wind-assisted propulsion systems “There are many energy efficiency technologies on the market, such as improving the efficiency of hull coatings, or making changes to the bulbous bow or propeller, but these go to improving the energy efficiency and are not included in the calculation to improve the energy intensity of the fuel used,” says Helen Barden.   However, wind-assisted propulsion systems receive a Wind Reward Factor in the regulation, which means this technology does impact the vessel’s GHG intensity rating. Of course, zero or near zero fuels and renewable fuels of non-biological origin also go to the GHG intensity rating. Compliance of FuelEU The compliance of FuelEU rests with the DOC holder under the ISM code While the compliance of FuelEU rests with the Document of Compliance (DOC) holder under the International Safety Management (ISM) code, which may well be the ship manager rather than the registered owner, the ship manager will in reality want to pass the liability for compliance on to the ship owner, says Barden. The ship owner (and indeed possibly together with the charterer depending on the length of the charter party and nature of the commercial relationship) will need to produce a strategy for compliance with FuelEU Maritime given there are different options for compliance available, she says.  Lower energy intensity fuels and energy sources Helen Barden says payment of the penalty should be the last resort. “Not only is this likely to be the most expensive option, but it also comes with implications for future years in the form of a multiplication factor,” she states.  Helen Barden adds, “Whether pooling, using lower energy intensity fuels and energy sources, or borrowing compliance from future years as part of a strategy will depend on many variables and, therefore, a compliance strategy should be given considered thought. This will also impact on the terms of any contracts.”  Respect of GHG energy intensity Financial penalties apply to any company that does not meet its compliance obligations There are pooling platforms on the market now, such as Bettersea, which is currently offered to NorthStandard members at a preferential rate. Financial penalties apply to any company that does not meet its compliance obligations in respect of GHG energy intensity. Failing to comply for two or more consecutive years will see the penalty factor multiplied, while failure to present a FuelEU Maritime certificate of compliance for two or more consecutive reporting periods could result in a ship being banned from EU ports.  Vessel’s compliance balance If a vessel exceeds the compliance requirements and so has a positive compliance balance for a reporting period, this “surplus” can either be pooled or can be banked for compliance in future years. Parties will need to consider whether charterers will get the full benefit of compliance pooling, banking or borrowing, and how this will work where the charter party does not cover the full reporting year. A vessel’s compliance balance may not be included in more than one pool in the same reporting period, but the vessel may be switched to a different pool in a different reporting period. Responsibility for FuelEU compliance rests The ultimate responsibility for FuelEU compliance rests with the ISM company The ultimate responsibility for FuelEU compliance rests with the ISM company (i.e., the Document of Compliance holder under the ISM Code) and, therefore, careful consideration must be given to the contractual implications of FuelEU Maritime. The Baltic and International Maritime Council (BIMCO) has produced a FuelEU Maritime Clause for Time Charter Parties and a Clause for ship management agreements, too, to help support owners, charterers, and ship managers in this regard. However, these clauses cannot just be inserted without consideration. As mentioned earlier, things like the compliance strategy should be thought through as this will impact the wording used in the clause, says Barden. Advice on the BIMCO clause “The BIMCO clauses are certainly a helpful starting point, but ship managers, ship owners and charterers must consider the terms carefully and, if necessary, make amendments,” says Helen Barden.  She adds, “We have been assisting a number of our members with advice on the BIMCO clause in their particular circumstances, and indeed non-industry clauses that have also been proposed.”

Traditionally, bulk cargo unloading has faced challenges around operational efficiency, safety risks, environmental impacts, and high operational costs. Rough discharges, equipment wear, vibration damage, and limited weather operating windows have all constrained vessel utilisation and performance. Moreover, older unloading systems are energy-intensive and labour-dependent, increasing both costs and environmental footprint. Cargo unloading systems Many bulk cargo unloading systems depend on steep slope angles, which limit the types of materials that can be carried efficiently.  MacGregor’s GravityVibe directly addresses this factor by allowing efficient discharge with significantly lower slope angles, thus broadening the range of cargo that can be handled.  Many bulk cargo unloading systems depend on steep slope angles. Ship structures and unloading equipment “GravityVibe reduces reliance on gravity alone by augmenting the flow with controlled vibration,” says Mikael Hägglund, Senior Manager, Cranes at MacGregor. “This approach improves operational efficiency, enhances safety through more predictable material flow, and reduces wear on ship structures and unloading equipment.” Challenges of space utilisation and cargo versatility MacGregor is a provider of cargo and load handling solutions to maximise efficiency Additionally, the GravityVibe system will, in most cases, require only one hold conveyor and no cross conveyor in the hold, making the operations both cost-effective and sustainable, says Hägglund. MacGregor, based in Helsinki, Finland, is a provider of cargo and load handling solutions to maximise efficiency of maritime operations. As an augmented gravity self-unloading system, GravityVibe enhances cargo flow using vibration, enabling bulk materials to be discharged efficiently at lower slope angles (15–20 degrees). It reduces material blockages and optimises discharge without requiring steep holds, addressing the challenges of space utilisation and cargo versatility. Mechanical strain on vessel structures The system lessens mechanical strain on vessel structures, and supports safer, smoother, and more efficient operations across different cargo types. “Using lower slope angles allows ships to maximise cargo hold volume and transport a wider variety of bulk materials, including those that would not flow well with conventional systems,” says Hägglund. “It improves operational flexibility.” Integrity of the vessel Vessels benefit from a more compact and efficient hold design, optimising stability and construction Structurally, vessels benefit from a more compact and efficient hold design, optimising stability and potentially lowering construction and maintenance costs, adds Hägglund. “Managing vibration and sound levels is critical for maintaining the structural integrity of the vessel and ensuring crew safety and comfort,” he says. “Excessive vibration can lead to accelerated wear on ship components and fatigue damage over time.” GravityVibe’s design GravityVibe’s design ensures that both vibration and sound levels stay well below class-defined thresholds, preserving vessel longevity and reducing long-term maintenance and repair costs. Bulk cargoes have widely varying properties such as particle size, cohesiveness, moisture content, and chemical reactivity, all of which impact flow behaviour. Sticky, wet, or coarse materials require different unloading strategies to avoid blockages, segregation, or structural strain. Bulk cargoes have widely varying properties like particle size and cohesiveness. Broader spectrum of cargo types Key elements to achieve automation include fine-tuning self-optimisation algorithms GravityVibe’s vibration-driven approach adapts to these material differences, maintaining consistent discharge rates and ensuring operational reliability across a broader spectrum of cargo types without manual intervention or excessive mechanical modification, says Hägglund. More automated systems are on the horizon. Fully automated discharge is rapidly approaching reality, thanks to intelligent unloading systems like GravityVibe. Key remaining elements to achieve automation include fine-tuning self-optimisation algorithms, integrating predictive maintenance solutions, and standardising automation interfaces between vessels and ports. GravityVibe features  MacGregor is actively working to refine onboard software, improve material recognition capabilities, and enhance real-time adjustment features. Wider industry adoption and regulatory frameworks are also crucial for achieving fully autonomous and seamless bulk unloading. GravityVibe features a built-in self-optimisation system that uses sensors to monitor material flow characteristics during discharge. Based on live data, it automatically adjusts vibration frequency and intensity to match the properties of each specific cargo, ensuring optimal unloading performance without manual recalibration. MacGregor is working to refine onboard software and improve material recognition. GravityVibe’s performance GravityVibe’s performance has been verified through a combination of laboratory studies MacGregor is fine-tuning this system by gathering real-world data from full-scale test rigs, analysing operational performance across various cargo types, and incorporating feedback loops to continually improve discharge efficiency and system responsiveness. Real-world validation is essential to prove that unloading systems perform reliably under operational conditions. GravityVibe’s performance has been verified through a combination of laboratory studies and full-scale rig testing. In-house tests and studies For example, validation by bulk solids researcher TUNRA showed efficient unloading across diverse materials such as wood chips, manufacturing sand, and gravel. In-house tests and studies with external specialists like KTH have confirmed low vibration levels, consistent discharge flow, and high operational reliability, providing strong evidence for commercial deployment. TUNRA showed efficient unloading across diverse materials such as sand. GravityVibe’s system design GravityVibe’s system design is based on long-lasting parts and improved cargo flow High maintenance requirements traditionally have led to significant downtime and increased operational costs. GravityVibe’s system design is based on long-lasting components and improved cargo flow that reduce risks for failures and needed service, thereby lowering maintenance costs/needs. “With real-time monitoring and smart diagnostics, potential issues can be detected and addressed before they escalate, minimising service interruptions,” says Hägglund. “This proactive approach enhances equipment availability and ensures better operational continuity for vessel operators.” MacGregor GravityVibe system When unloading standard bulk carriers, there is a need to clean the holds with manpower and external machines as the port cranes or the vessel cranes will not be able to empty the holds. The weather could also be a factor for delay in cases where the cargo is sensitive to water. For the MacGregor GravityVibe system, all material will be removed from the hold without any extra efforts. GravityVibe demonstrates that with intelligent use of vibration and lower slope angles can achieve the same — or even better — results. This approach not only enables broader cargo flexibility but also reduces structural stress, energy consumption, and environmental footprint.

Ammonia is gaining traction as a future fuel in the maritime industry, primarily due to its potential to significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions. A key driver for ammonia's interest is that it can be carbon-free when combusted, which aligns with the maritime industry's increasing pressure to meet emissions regulations. However, most ammonia production currently relies on fossil fuels. Transitioning to "green ammonia" production is crucial for sustainability. If "green ammonia" is produced using renewable energy sources, it offers a pathway to near-zero emissions shipping. Safety measures and regulations Ammonia’s volumetric energy density – higher than hydrogen – makes it more practical for onboard storage. However, ammonia is toxic, which requires stringent safety measures and regulations for handling and storage. The combustion of ammonia can produce nitrous oxide (N2O), a potent greenhouse gas. Therefore, mitigation technologies are needed. Building the necessary infrastructure for ammonia bunkering and supply will be a significant undertaking. Developing guidelines for safe use Ammonia is poised to play a significant role in the maritime industry's transition to a future The International Maritime Organization (IMO) is developing guidelines for the safe use of ammonia as a marine fuel. Increasing numbers of companies are investing in the development of ammonia-fueled vessels and technologies.   European Union (EU) legislation, such as the EU Emissions Trading System (ETS) and the FuelEU initiative to support decarbonisation, are pushing the maritime industry towards the use of alternative fuels, which is increasing the potential of ammonia. While challenges remain, ammonia is poised to play a significant role in the maritime industry's transition to a more sustainable future. Ongoing research and development   Ongoing research and development are focused on improving safety, reducing emissions, and scaling up production. In essence, ammonia offers a promising pathway for the maritime industry to reduce its carbon footprint, but its widespread adoption depends on overcoming technical and logistical challenges. Working toward the future of ammonia Progress is already happening as the maritime industry works toward a future that includes the use of ammonia as a fuel. For example, one project underway aims to be a pioneer in establishing a comprehensive and competitive supply chain to provide clean ammonia ship-to-ship bunkering in the U.S. West Coast. Progress is already occurring as the maritime industry works toward a future A feasibility study is being conducted at the Port of Oakland, Benicia, and nearby major ports on the U.S. West Coast. A Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) between American Bureau of Shipping, CALAMCO, Fleet Management Limited, Sumitomo Corp. and TOTE Services LLC is jointly conducting the feasibility study. "We are proud to share our industry-pioneering expertise in ammonia as a marine fuel to support this study on the U.S. West Coast,” said Panos Koutsourakis, Vice President of Global Sustainability at the American Bureau of Shipping. “Our expertise in developing safety guidelines will support the consortium to address the ammonia-specific set of safety and technology challenges.” More global ammonia developments In another development, three LPG/ammonia carrier ships have been ordered at the South Korean shipyard HD Hyundai Heavy Industries (HD HHI). Danish investment fund European Maritime Finance (EMF) and international shipping company Atlas Maritime have confirmed the order. HD HHI’s parent company, HD Korea Shipbuilding & Offshore Engineering (HD KSOE), revealed the order for $372 million in March 2024. The three 88,000 cubic-metre LPG dual-fuel carriers, capable of carrying and running on ammonia, are scheduled for delivery in December 2027. The vessels will be named EMF Viking I, II, and III. Also, Lloyd’s Register (LR) and Guangzhou Shipyard International have signed a joint development project to design the world’s largest very large ammonia carrier (VLAC). The design of the 100,000-cubic-metre vessel has been assessed in line with LR’s Structural Design Assessment and prescriptive analysis. The gas carrier will have an independent IMO Type B tank for safe carriage of the chemical. Zero-emissions operations The cargo ship, which will be 7,800 dwt, is designed to transport timber from Norway to Europe “As major economies look to co-fire ammonia in their coal power stations to reduce the CO2 footprint of their national energy mix, shipping will play a key role in distributing clean hydrogen-based commodities such as ammonia, thereby supporting nations to meet their Paris Agreement commitments," says LR's Chief Executive Nick Brown. Furthermore, a partnership of companies from Norway has ordered a pioneering short-sea cargo ship that will advance the industry’s ability to provide zero-emissions operations. The cargo ship, which will be 7,800 dwt, is designed to transport timber from Norway to Europe and will be the first to operate on ammonia and electricity. Amogy’s ammonia-to-electrical power system A start-up company focusing on ammonia-to-power technology, Amogy, demonstrated the first tugboat powered by its cracking technology just short of the fourth anniversary of the company’s launch. The trip of a 67-year-old tug along a tributary of New York State’s Hudson River is part of the company’s works to develop and commercialise its technology to decarbonise the most difficult industries. Amogy’s ammonia-to-electrical power system splits, or “cracks,” liquid ammonia into its base elements of hydrogen and nitrogen. The hydrogen is then funnelled into a fuel cell, generating the power for the vessel. Research points to the risks of ammonia The chemical, made of hydrogen and nitrogen, can also be burned as a zero-carbon fuel Today and in the future, ammonia, a main component of many fertilisers, can play a key role in a carbon-free fuel system as a convenient way to transport and store clean hydrogen. The chemical, made of hydrogen and nitrogen, can also be burned as a zero-carbon fuel. However, new research led by Princeton University scientists illustrates that even though it may not be a source of carbon pollution, ammonia's widespread use in the energy sector could pose a grave risk to the nitrogen cycle and climate without proper engineering precautions. Use of ammonia U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF)-supported research found that a mismanaged ammonia economy could ramp up emissions of nitrous oxide, a long-lived greenhouse gas around 300 times more potent than carbon dioxide and a major contributor to the thinning of the stratospheric ozone layer. The use of ammonia could lead to substantial emissions of nitrogen oxides, a class of pollutants that contribute to the formation of smog and acid rain. And it could directly leak fugitive ammonia emissions into the environment, forming air pollutants, impacting water quality and stressing ecosystems by disturbing the global nitrogen cycle. Negative impacts of an ammonia economy The researchers found that the potential negative impacts of an ammonia economy "We have great hope that ingenuity and engineering can help reduce our use of carbon-based energy sources," said Richard Yuretich, a program director in NSF's Division of Earth Sciences. "But caution is advised because of unintended environmental spillover effects that may result from new technology." The researchers found that the potential negative impacts of an ammonia economy may be minimised with proactive engineering practices, but the possibility of risks should not be taken lightly. Addressing an inconvenient reality As interest in hydrogen as a zero-carbon fuel has grown, so too has an inconvenient reality: It is notoriously difficult to store and transport over long distances, requiring storage at either temperatures below -253 degrees Celsius or at pressures as high as 700 times atmospheric pressure. Ammonia, on the other hand, is much easier to liquify, transport and store, and capable of being moved around similarly to tanks of propane. Nonetheless, the cycle of nitrogen is delicately balanced in Earth's critical zone, and extensive research must be undertaken to investigate the repercussions of ammonia combustion and to develop new methods to minimise the risks. Challenges of ammonia as a maritime fuel Here's a breakdown of the key challenges of using ammonia for maritime fuel:   Toxicity and Safety: For human health, ammonia is highly toxic, posing a serious risk to human health through inhalation or skin contact. This necessitates stringent safety protocols, advanced leak detection systems, and thorough crew training. Relating to the environment, leaks can also harm aquatic ecosystems, requiring robust containment and mitigation measures. Combustion Challenges: Ammonia's combustion characteristics are less favourable than traditional fuels, requiring modifications to engine design and potentially the use of pilot fuels. Emissions: Combustion can produce nitrogen oxides (NOx) and nitrous oxide (N2O), both of which are harmful pollutants. Mitigating these emissions is crucial. "Ammonia slip" is also a concern, in which unburnt ammonia is released. Infrastructure and Supply Chain: Establishing a global network of ammonia bunkering infrastructure is a massive undertaking, requiring significant investment and coordination. Scaling up "green ammonia" production, using renewable energy, is essential for its sustainability. This requires a robust and reliable supply chain. Storage: Ammonia has specific storage requirements, and onboard storage systems must be designed for safety and efficiency. International Standards Needed: Consistent and comprehensive international regulations and standards are needed for the safe handling, transportation, and use of ammonia as a marine fuel. While the IMO is developing Guidelines, complete and ratified rules are still needed. Economic challenges: "Green ammonia" is currently more expensive than traditional fuels, although costs are expected to decrease as production scales up. Significant investments are needed in research, development, and infrastructure to make ammonia a viable maritime fuel. Also, dedicated ammonia-fueled engines are still under heavy development, and do not have widespread availability. The path to commercialisation Overcoming the variety of technical and other obstacles will require collaboration among governments, industry stakeholders, and research institutions. The timeline for ammonia deployment in maritime applications is actively unfolding, with key milestones happening now and soon. 2025 marks the first trials of two-stroke, ammonia dual-fuel engines on oceangoing ships. Engine manufacturers like MAN Energy Solutions and WinGD are progressing with their engine development, with initial deliveries soon. These pilot projects are crucial for gathering real-world data and building confidence in ammonia as a marine fuel.   Development of comprehensive regulations As the maritime industry faces, ammonia is hoped to play a growing role in the fuel mix Gradual commercialisation will follow in the late-2020s as the technology matures and the infrastructure develops. The focus will be on refining engine technology, improving safety protocols, and establishing bunkering facilities in key ports. Wider adoption will likely follow in the 2030s, depending on factors such as the cost of green ammonia, the development of comprehensive regulations, and the expansion of the global supply chain. As the maritime industry faces increasing pressure to decarbonise, ammonia is expected to play a growing role in the fuel mix. Future of maritime It's likely that a combination of ammonia and other alternative fuels and technologies will be used in the future of maritime. Alternatives include methanol, liquid natural gas (LNG), hydrogen, biofuels, electric propulsion, and even nuclear power.  Ammonia is a strong contender, bit it faces stiff competition from other promising technologies. The maritime industry's transition to a sustainable future will likely involve a diverse mix of fuel solutions.

Höegh Autoliners has revolutionised maritime transport with its Aurora Class vessels, marking significant progress toward sustainable deep-sea shipping. These Pure Car and Truck Carriers (PCTCs) are designed to be the largest and most environmentally friendly in their class. Notably, the final four ships in this 12-vessel series are set to operate on sustainable ammonia, a zero-carbon fuel, upon their delivery in 2027. Aurora Class vessels Aurora Class vessels are initially running on LNG with the flexibility to transition to ammonia and methanol The Aurora Class vessels are initially running on liquefied natural gas (LNG) with the flexibility to transition to ammonia and methanol as these fuels become more accessible. This adaptability is emphasised by the ships’ receipt of DNV’s ammonia- and methanol-ready notations, a first in the PCTC segment. The final four vessels will feature MAN Energy Solutions’ two-stroke engines capable of being fuelled by ammonia, positioning them as pioneers in zero-GHG emission maritime transport. TGE Marine’s expertise A key enabler of this technological leap is TGE Marine, whose advanced tank designs and fuel gas handling solutions are at the core of the vessels’ ammonia propulsion capabilities. TGE Marine’s expertise in designing and engineering maritime gas systems has made them a global pioneer in gas containment and fuel supply technologies. Their tanks are specifically developed to safely store ammonia in maritime conditions, while their fuel gas systems are among the most advanced in the industry ensuring reliable fuel management, safe operations, and seamless engine integration. These solutions exceed the stringent safety and performance standards required for ammonia as a marine fuel. New ammonia fuel supply system TGE Marine has already supplied tanks and fuel gas systems to the first eight Aurora class vessels TGE Marine has already supplied tanks and fuel gas systems to the first eight Aurora class vessels, and within the final four vessels, the fuel supply system is intended to handle ammonia fuel which allow for the vessels to be an engineering front runner in the industry.  The new ammonia fuel supply system comes among others with a reliquefaction system, a gas combustion unit (GCU) and an ammonia release and mitigation systems (ARMS). Aspects of TGE Marine’s contribution The following expands on the specific aspects of TGE Marine’s contribution to the vessels: Fuel Supply System: The fuel supply system is streamlined to support the main engine operation in an optimum manner allowing a reliable and stable operation with ammonia as fuel. The design of the system is addressing the demand to increase ammonia integrity and to allow safe operation incl. maintenance. Key design features are the utilisation of sealless pumps, high integrity equipment and automation resp. remote operation.  Boil-off Gas (BOG) Treatment: The heat ingress into the ammonia storage tank will lead to evapouration of ammonia. To keep the tank pressure within allowable limit the vapour, the BOG, is routed from the type-c tank’s vapour space to the BOG Treatment System. The BOG Treatment system consists of two fully independent methods to manage the tank pressure, i.e., the Reliquefaction System and the Gas Combustion Unit (GCU). Reliquefaction System: Onboard reliquefaction systems are engineered to recondense the ammonia vapour that results from heat ingress into the storage tanks and system operation. Gas Combustion Unit: As with all systems, TGE Marine also ensure that in an unlikely event that the reliquefaction system would fail, a secondary ‘back up’ system would kick in. The method chosen for this set up a gas combustion unit (GCU). This method burns the boil off gas, and this allows the tank temperature and tank pressure to remain within the limits. The gas combustion unit can support also the treatment of nitrogen ammonia mixtures and non-standard operations, such as gas-freeing of systems for maintenance preventing the release of ammonia to the atmosphere. Safety Systems: Key for operating a vessel with ammonia as fuel is the safe operation taking the toxicity of ammonia into consideration. TGE Marine has implemented safety systems and measures into the design of the system. Risk assessments accompany the design and execution of the project at every stage. Ammonia recovery: A key element of the safe operation is the handling of potential operational and emergency releases originating from the fuel supply system and engine purge operations. For this purpose, an ammonia recovery system is applied to reduce the ammonia quantities being routed to the ammonia release mitigation system. Ammonia Release Mitigation System: The ammonia release mitigation system developed by TGE Marine, is reducing the ammonia quantity released to the atmosphere and ensures that ammonia concentrations are below health and safety limits. Primary benefits of configuration To underline the benefits of the system, these following can be listed as primary benefits of using such configuration: Fuel Efficiency: By applying an efficient ammonia fuel supply system and ammonia engine Environmental Compliance: Minimising emissions of ammonia gas into the atmosphere reduces the vessel’s environmental footprint and helps comply with stringent emissions regulations Safety and Stability: The system ensures stable operation, reducing the risk to personnel and enhancing onboard safety Operational Flexibility: This technology supports extended voyages without fuel losses and allows better management of varying fuel demands during different operational profiles New standard for sustainability in maritime transport Beyond propulsion, the Aurora Class vessels incorporate several eco-friendly features, some include 1,500 square metres of solar panels and the capability to connect to electric shore power, enabling emissions-free port operations.  With these advancements, Höegh Autoliners, together with key partners like TGE Marine, is not only reducing its carbon footprint but also setting a new standard for sustainability in maritime transport, steering the industry toward a greener future.

San Francisco-based maritime technology company - Sofar Ocean announces a partnership with the U.S. Naval Meteorology and Oceanography Command’s (CNMOC) Fleet Weather centres in Norfolk (FWC-N) and San Diego (FWC-SD).  Wayfinder platform FWC-N and FWC-SD, the Navy’s two primary weather forecasting centres, are piloting Sofar’s Wayfinder platform to support the routing of naval vessels at sea. The FWCs are utilising Wayfinder to identify safe and efficient route options powered by real-time ocean weather data for Military Sealift Command (MSC) ships.  Situational awareness Tim Janssen, Co-Dounder and CEO of Sofar, said, "Wayfinder will empower the Navy to enhance situational awareness at sea and leverage data-driven optimisation to continuously identify safe and efficient routing strategies." He adds, "Powered by our real-time ocean weather sensor network, Wayfinder will help the Navy scale its routing operations to support a heterogeneous fleet operating in conditions made more extreme by the effects of climate change."  CRADA The platform displays real-time observational data from Sofar’s global network of Spotter buoys The Navy is evaluating Wayfinder under CNMOC and Sofar’s five-year Cooperative Research and Development Agreement (CRADA) signed in July 2023. Wayfinder reduces manual tasks for forecasters and routers by automatically generating a forecast along a vessel’s route. The platform displays real-time observational data from Sofar’s global network of Spotter buoys to reduce weather uncertainty for route optimisation, and predict unwanted vessel motions during a voyage.  Real-time wave and weather observations The availability of accurate real-time wave and weather observations helps Captains and shoreside personnel validate forecast models and examine multiple route options more efficiently, streamlining a historically complex and arduous process.  Lea Locke-Wynn, Undersea Warfare Technical Lead for CNMOC’s Future Capabilities Department, said, "A key focus area for the Naval Oceanography enterprise is fostering a culture of innovation through collaboration with our commercial partners." Vessel-specific guidance Lea Locke-Wynn adds, "Our ongoing CRADA with Sofar Ocean is a perfect example of how our partnerships can leverage the leading edge in industry to further Department of Defence operations." As the number of naval vessels at sea, including experimental and autonomous ships, continues to increase, forecasters and routers will have less time to spend manually producing vessel-specific guidance. Automated forecast-on-route guidance More efficient routing empowers FWC personnel to focus on challenging, mission-critical tasks Wayfinder helps fill this operational gap, enabling FWC-N and FWC-SD to more efficiently support a large fleet in real-time with automated forecast-on-route guidance. More efficient routing empowers FWC personnel to focus on challenging, mission-critical tasks that require their unique expertise.  Streamlined decisions Captain Erin Ceschini, Commanding Officer, FWC-SD, stated, "By using Wayfinder, we’re able to better visualise our ships’ routes, and make safer and more streamlined decisions on route, speed, and heading." Captain Erin Ceschini adds, "Wayfinder has the potential to be a critical component of our day-to-day operations and a key driver of safe routing as we contend with an increasingly unpredictable weather landscape."

Strengthening trade relations and promoting collaboration between Valenciaport and China. This is the objective with which the Port Authority of València has traveled to China to participate in the 8th edition of the Maritime Silk Road Port International Cooperation Forum 2024, held from June 26 to 28, 2024 in Ningbo (China). The value proposition of the Valencian enclosure as a green, intelligent and innovative HUB of the Mediterranean has been the common thread of the presentation of the PAV in this forum. Advantages of Valenciaport as a strategic port Mar Chao has also described the strategic importance of Valenciaport for the Chinese market During the event, Mar Chao, President of the PAV, had the opportunity to present the competitive advantages of Valenciaport as a strategic port in the center of the Mediterranean (through which 40% of Spanish import/export is channeled) at the service of the business fabric of its area of influence and a link in the logistics chain. Mar Chao has also described the strategic importance of Valenciaport for the Chinese market as a key point of direct connection with Europe that promotes a green growth, market-oriented, with maximum efficiency in services and a complete logistic and multimodal integration. Commercial capacity of Valenciaport During her conference, the President also highlighted the commercial capacity of Valenciaport, with an area of influence of more than 2,000 kilometres that maintains a direct relationship with the main international ports. Cristina Rodríguez, Head of Containers of Valenciaport, accompanies Chao in the forum. Both have held business meetings with Asian companies and institutions, including the new president of the Port of Ningbo, Tao Chengbo. In the framework of this meeting, the representatives of Valenciaport and the Port of Ningbo have signed a memorandum of understanding (MOU) with the aim of strengthening their commercial collaboration. Silk Road Port and Maritime Cooperation Forum The Silk Road Port and Maritime Cooperation Forum of Ningbo (China) in which Valenciaport participates is a platform for open exchange and mutual learning in port development and maritime transport, within the framework of the Belt and Road Initiative. From a respect for the uniqueness of each participating port, the Forum is seen as a tool to foster collaboration in various fields to build bridges between supply and demand in business, investment, technology, talent, information, ports and cultural exchange.

GEM elettronica is proud to announce the conclusion of a strategic project to strengthen Lithuania’s defense capabilities, during which cutting-edge surveillance radars with airspace monitoring function were installed on four patrol ships of the Lithuanian Navy. The contract was executed successfully and within the agreed-upon timelines, thanks to the collaboration between the Italian defence companies Leonardo and GEM elettronica. Advanced radar system The heart of the system is the Columbus MK2 3D multi-mission radar developed and produced in house by GEM Elettronica, specially designed for coastal surveillance and naval applications, made with the latest technologies, which guarantee high detection performances for search and tracking of small and fast targets at both air and sea surface space, high reliability and availability with low maintenance and life cycle costs. It is a compact and lightweight advanced radar system for short- and medium-range detection performing all the functions of surveillance, self-defence, IFF capabilities and weapon designation. The new radar systems were installed on the Lithuanian Flyvefisken (Standard Flex 300) class offshore patrol vessels (OPVs) Žemaitis (P11), Dzūkas (P12), Aukštaitis (P14) and Sėlis (P15). Working effectively together The main role of the new equipment is to ensure the safety of ships when navigating in narrow passages The main role of the new equipment is to ensure the safety of ships when navigating in narrow passages (e.g., straits, port channels) and in the open sea, as well as in search and rescue missions. The systems will allow objects to be detected up to 100 kilometers away. The Commander of the Lithuanian Naval Forces Sea, Captain Giedrius Premeneckas underlined: “The successful implementation of this project represents a significant step in strengthening the capabilities of the Navy’s patrol vessels and significantly increasing our ability to carry out assigned tasks and work effectively together with NATO allies.” The President of GEM elettronica Ing. Antonio Bontempi answered “We are delighted to have successfully contributed to the realization of this strategic project. We are also proud of what achieved by our R&D and Production teams who worked together with passion and tenacity to ensure the project was achieved within the expected timescales.”